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- <text id=90TT3294>
- <title>
- Dec. 10, 1990: The Germs Of War
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Dec. 10, 1990 What War Would Be Like
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- NATION, Page 39
- The Germs of War
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> Even if Saddam fails to produce a nuclear bomb, U.S.
- officials say he already has the means to wage an equally
- horrifying kind of war. Reports that Iraq is stockpiling
- biological weapons have intensified speculation among military
- experts about the threat of war by disease.
- </p>
- <p> Biological weapons can employ a deadly array of organisms
- and naturally occurring toxins. Packaged inside small bombs and
- delivered by aircraft or artillery shells, the germs would be
- released in a mist of infectious droplets that victims would
- inhale. A tiny amount would go a long way. Less than 1 g (0.035
- oz.) of a bacterium called tularemia could produce thousands
- of deadly doses. U.S. officials insist that soldiers can be
- protected from such an attack with gas masks and nonpermeable
- clothing. But the gear cannot be worn indefinitely, especially
- in the desert's searing heat, and strains resistant to existing
- vaccines can be developed.
- </p>
- <p> The big drawback of germ warfare is its unpredictability.
- Saddam might be reluctant to use it on the battlefield because
- his own soldiers could become infected. He would be more likely
- to launch germ attacks against specific targets, such as
- airfields, command centers and ships, or against civilian
- populations in an attempt to cripple oil production. Even then,
- the Iraqi leader would need to choose his weapon carefully.
- Some hardy microbes, such as anthrax and plague, can infect an
- area for years, which would make it dangerous for Iraq's troops
- to move into a territory that had been captured with the help
- of germ warfare.
- </p>
- <p> Saddam would also have to consider the inevitable outrage
- of the international community, which has banned the use of
- biological weapons since 1975. Resort to germ warfare would
- doubtless provoke devastating reprisals. "Saddam would be
- insane to use biological agents," says Matthew Meselson, a
- biological-weapons expert at Harvard University. Still, the
- Iraqi leader has ignored international opinion before. During
- the Iran-Iraq conflict, he employed poison gas against Iranian
- infantry and his own Kurdish population. The main impact of
- germ warfare on American soldiers may be psychological. Says
- Robert Weinberg, a germ-warfare expert at M.I.T.: "The very
- notion of biological agents strikes fear into their hearts."
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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